About Periodontal & Gum Diseases

Periodontal diseases are infections of the gums, which gradually destroy the support of your natural teeth. Dental plaque is the primary cause of gum disease in genetically susceptible individuals. Bacteria found in plaque produce toxins or poisons, which irritate the gums. They may cause them to turn red, swell and bleed easily. If this irritation is prolonged, the gums separate from the teeth, causing pockets (spaces) to form.

Plaque can also harden into a rough, porous substance known as calculus (or tartar). This can occur both above and below the gum line. As periodontal diseases progress, the supporting gum tissue and bone that holds teeth in place deteriorate. If left untreated, this leads to tooth loss. However, don’t be fooled, as, you can still have periodontal disease without the presence of bleeding, redness and swelling. Further, pain is usually not associated with periodontal disease. This disease damages the teeth, gum and jawbone of more than 80% of Americans by age 45.

Gums should not bleed when your touch or brush them. If you develop gingivitis, the initial stage of periodontal disease, it is your gums that will primarily be affected.

Symptoms of Gingivitis, the first stage, may include:

  • Tender & painful gums
  • Swelling & red gums
  • Bleeding gums, especially after brushing

Symptoms of Periodontitis, the second stage, may include:

  • Bad breath & foul taste
  • Bleeding gums intensified
  • Difficulty eating
  • Pus from the gums
  • Teeth becoming loose
  • Teeth falling out
  • Abscessed gums (collection of infected fluid)

Periodontal Care
Periodontal treatment is necessary when various conditions affect the health of your gums and the regions of your jawbone which hold your teeth in place. Retaining your teeth is directly dependent on proper periodontal care and maintenance. Healthy gums enhance the appearance of your teeth, like a frame around a beautiful painting. When your gums become unhealthy, they can either recede or become swollen and red. In later stages, the supporting bone is destroyed and your teeth will shift, loosen, or fall out. These changes not only affect your ability to chew and speak; they also destroy your smile.